Autism and epilepsy – what’s the link?

Autism and epilepsy are two separate conditions with different symptoms. However, people can sometimes have autism and epilepsy at the same time. 

This article provides a general overview of both conditions. While it can be helpful to read about autism and epilepsy, it’s really important to get a diagnosis and treatment from a medical doctor as soon as possible if you suspect your child has autism or epilepsy.

What are autism and epilepsy?

Autism and epilepsy are two separate conditions. 

The CDC explains that autism spectrum disorder is “a developmental disability caused by differences in the brain”. People with autism may behave, communicate, interact or learn in ways that are different from most people.

Epilepsy is a different condition. The CDC defines it as “a brain disorder that causes repeated seizures”. A seizure is when there is a sudden, temporary burst of electrical activity in the brain. It can cause involuntary changes in body movement, awareness, sensation or behavior.

Some people may have autism and epilepsy at the same time

While autism and epilepsy are different conditions, it’s possible to have both. 

In a 2013 study with over 5,800 children, 12.5% of children with autism spectrum disorder also had epilepsy (whereas only about 1% of children in the general population have epilepsy). This suggests there could possibly be a link between the two conditions, for some people. 

Although there does appear to be an overlap between epilepsy and autism, the relationship between the two conditions is not fully understood. 

If you (or someone you care for) believe you may have epilepsy and autism, speak to your doctor.

Autism and epilepsy treatment

There is no standard treatment for people with autism and there is no ‘cure’. 

Epilepsy is normally treated with anti seizure medication, which can help about two-thirds of people control their seizures. If medication does not help with controlling seizures, there are alternative treatments available. 

Speak with your doctor about treatment options. 

See your doctor as soon as possible

If you think that you, or a child you care for, may have epilepsy and autism, make an appointment with a doctor as soon as possible. They can then carry out tests and recommend next steps.